@mcc Mandarin also does this, but with the first character (e.g. 高速铁路, "high speed railway", becomes 高铁, "high iron"). I would probably call them abbreviations, but that's somewhat generic
legal german does it similarly, but they just use enough characters to distinguish conflicting terms, it can get annoying
e.g. BVerfG for Bundesverfassungsgericht and BVerwG for Bundesverwaltungsgericht, two different courts
or SGB for Socialgesetzbuch and StGB for Strafgesetzbuch, two different laws